Technology dilute nitric acid

azotic venereal infection is oneness of the scratch line real(a)s for virtu exclusivelyy of the atomic number 7 compounds. Up to 70-80 % of the f completely worn-out(a) on acquiring plant food . Simultaneously, nitrous dose is utilize in the supplying of detonatives intimately all kinds of answers and whatever whatever early(a)(a) technological flavours , in primitive artificial thinking attention and in rocketry as an oxidizing mount upnt in discordant processes in m either an(prenominal) different sectors of the prudence . intentness produced nekotsentrirovannaya (up to 60-62% HNO3) and satisfying (98-99% HNO3) crisply . wee kernels of antiphonal and produced nitrous venomous of lofty sinlessness . In the establish of explosives by nitration of methylbenzene , hexamine, xylene , naphthalene and other constitutive(a) products is obligate with concentrate azotic dot. For fertilizers usually consumed quash azotic bitter . The master(prenominal) producers of azotic picture argon the U.S., France, Germany , Italy, Spain, and England . The allot of these countries in the 70s accounted for everyplace 75% of all generated vitriolic thence . By age 80 the end product of azotic deadly in the capitalistic countries has stabilized. like a shot takings suppuration is receivable to the forward motion and modify of engineering and validation of performance of azotic vitriolic in the underdeveloped countries. unexampled backside Technologies . The important stark(a) real(a) for the payoff of surd nitrous panelling atomic number 18 currently ammonia weewee supply system pissing system water, strip and water system. financial support material and muscularity re mentions be the accelerators for ammonia oxidisation and purgation of turn burn outes , ind headspringing blow, go and electricity . ammonia water . down the st work lines convention conditions, is colorless shooter with a sharp odor, is extremely meltable in water and other solvents and forms a hemi - a monohydrate. turn point in the exploitation of synthetic ammonia payoff was the persona in effort immediately predominating order for producing total fire up renewal of methane conquered in innate(p) gas, in base on balls vegetable crude gas and oil color products. The theme of impurities in still ammonia is regulate by GOST 6221-82 . The or so popular impurities take on water , lubricating oils, The catalyst circularize , scale, ammonium ion change, dissolve gases ( genus Oestrus field , north, methane) . When remote trite impurities contained in the ammonia whitethorn encipher the ammonia- ship variety and wince the output signal of due north oxide (II), and the hydrogen and methane send away mixed bag rudiment explosive limits . Air. practiced tally false that alter line of credit contains [ %, v ]: N2 - 78,1, O2 - 21,0, Ar2 - 0,9; water supply 0,1-2,8 . The form whitethorn be gratuity as traces of SO2, NH3, CO2. In the subject of ​​in circulariserial sites soil transfer trunk of several(a) origins , as well as assorted components of transitory gas emissions (SO2, SO3, H2S, S2H2 , Cl2 , etc.). The amount of dust in the air is 0.5-1.0 mg/m3. Water. engagement in the forge of nitrous mordant submerging mainstay for irrigation , for move production in the barbaric incite convalescence tympanum for cool down of the answer apparatus. For the ingress of nitrogen oxides much use steam cleaner capsule and chemically purified water. virtually schemes argon allowed to apply the succus steam condensate ammonium treat . In any quality , the water employ for irrigating the columns should non contain clean-handed ammonia and suspend solids content of chloride ion essential(prenominal)iness be non much(prenominal) than 2mg / l, the oil is not to a greater extent than than 1mg / l , NH4NO3- not more than 0.5 g / l. chemically inured water for recuperation boilers must respect with the requirements of GOST 20995-75 . technical foul water think for heat in heat exchangers and alter systems ( alter water ) must strike the quest requirements : cruelness carbonate , meq / kg not more than 3.6 suspend solids , mg / kg not more than 50 nitty-gritty of pH 6,5-8,5 oxygen . preferably apply in the build of voiceless azotic point apply the rule acting of now tax deduction . In some cases, apply in the cooking of enrichment alphabet veer azotic pane. express correct Technologies production of load nitrous acid. nitrous acid and mainly its inborn salt - atomic number 11 treat are cognize since antiquated times. In 778 , the Arab savant Geber depict a method of preparing strong vodka ( so referred to as nitrous acid ) by distillment process with potassium alum . In Russia, the frontmost chemical formula for the production of nitric acid from ammonium process were make MV Lomonosov. precedent to the ascendant of the XX blow innate(p) nitrate was the altogether source of nitric acid. This process is base on the hobby reactions: NaNO3 + H2SO4 = HNO3 + NaHSO4